cerium oxide stabilized by various doping solid oxide fuel cell cathode and electrolyte cross section by SEMlevels of samarium oxide, a material that upon firing forms a highly ionically conductive thin film electrolyte layer for use in solid oxide fuel cell electrochemistry structures. Samarium Oxide doped Ceria belongs to a class of doped Ceria compounds with ionic conductivity exceeding yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolytes.